Need to catch up? Click here: Sarah (Holt) Truly (c.1724-1792/3) – Part 1
We ended Part 1 in 1773 and learned that Sarah Truly’s life since her husband’s 1761 death was difficult to say the least. A widow with seven children ranging in age from 17-4, Sarah struggled to settle her husband’s estate because of debts. She tried to continue running their ordinary but as her husband’s will anticipated, Sarah had to sell the family’s 300-acre Amelia County farm to pay debts. The amount she got for the farm was insufficient to settle all of her debts, so more lawsuits followed. Sarah moved to adjacent Brunswick County, but not before being convicted in Amelia County of slandering a member of the County Court. Her move to Brunswick County did not put an end to her difficulties as she was accused of fraud for trying to secure debts with land she did not own, she lost several debt suits for lesser amounts and then in August 1773 lost a large debt case.
As if all of this was not enough, Sarah found herself in an environment where the 13 Colonies and England were drifting rapidly toward eventual separation over various tax and trade policies implemented by Britain on Colonists since the 1763 close of the French and Indian War.
Talk of separation had begun, voices were getting louder, and the political climate was getting tense. The Boston Massacre occurred in 1770, colonists burned a British schooner that ran aground near Providence, Rhode Island in 1772 and the Boston Tea party occurred in late 1773. Not all Colonists were in favor of separation. Historians estimate that about 45% of the white population of the Colonies were “Patriots” in favor of separation while as many as 20% were loyal to England and were called Loyalists (or Tories). These percentages varied by time, by Colony, and even by County throughout the period. Note that 35% were “neutral” – perhaps thinking it mattered little to their lives. As the situation progressed, the Loyalist minority found themselves increasingly at odds with their neighbors and many chose to leave Virginia. Among the Loyalist minority was the Sarah Truly and she was about to make a much bigger move than to an adjacent county.
Sarah Truly Bids Goodbye to Virginia
While some Loyalists went to England or Canada, Sarah Truly was headed to the Natchez District settlement in the Colony of West Florida. Did you know there were more than thirteen British Colonies within the boundaries of the present United States? Yep – there were fifteen of them, but two of them – East Florida and West Florida – declined to join the other thirteen colonies in the American Revolution. The territory out of which the British created East and West Florida comprised much of modern day Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida.[1] They became British Colonies when the French and Indian War ended in 1763. France ceded its North American territory to Spain and England. Spain got the Louisiana Territory west of the Mississippi River plus the port of New Orleans and England got everything east of the Mississippi River. As “payment” for Native American support, the British then set the western boundary of the thirteen Colonies as the Appalachian Mountain range, reserving land west of the mountains to the Mississippi river for Native Americans.
1763 map showing the 15 British colonies in the present-day United States. The Natchez District was on the western boundary of West Florida, which was the Mississippi River.[2]
Sarah Truly was approaching 50 years old when she decided to leave Virginia – a decision that could not have been made lightly. The British used land grants in these new colonies as a way to compensate French and Indian war veterans for their service and to populate the colonies. Later, grants were offered for non-veterans. A larger white population in this area was important to the English given they only had about 2,000 settlers in 1763 with an estimated native population of 15,000.[3]
Sarah’s brother, Dibdall Holt, had already traveled to West Florida to investigate land grant opportunities. Author Robert V. Haynes, in his study of the Natchez District and the American Revolution, notes that in 1770, “an agent named Holt visited West Florida in 1770 representing a group of Virginians interested in settlement” and that “in its meeting of May 1, 1770, the Council of West Florida approved Lieutenant Governor Durnford’s recommendation to reserve for Holt and his associates a ten-mile strip of land along the eastern bank of the Mississippi.”[4]
While he does not provide the agent Holt’s first name, it appears to have been Sarah Truly’s brother Dibdall Holt. He made the trip again shortly after a 5 September 1771 notice appeared in the Virginia Gazette – Virginia’s only newspaper at the time.[5] Dibdall Holt and his son David Holt[6] were among a group on the second trip where they may have been surveying specific tracts.
Virginia Gazette, 5 September 1771, p. 3
While Sarah Truly was a Loyalist, the lure of cheap land and her continued financial troubles in Amelia and Brunswick Counties must have factored into her thinking. The fact that most of her close relatives were going surely made the move possible. Sarah Truly was headed to the British frontier – for the third time in her life!
It is not known exactly who or how many were in the party. Sarah Truly and six of her seven children were in the group. Those children included Sarah’s five youngest children Sarah Truly (26), Judith Truly (22), James Truly (18), Bennett Truly (17) and Martha “Patsy” Truly (16). Sarah’s eldest daughter Eleanor (29), wife of Francis Spain and their daughters Sarah (10), Mary (7), Tabitha (5) and Eleanor Spain (3), were also among the party. Her eldest son John Truly (23) remained in Amelia County.[7] Sarah’s brother and sister-in-law, Dibdall and Elizabeth (co*cke) Holt and some of their adult children were also in the group. They were also accompanied by some unknown number of enslaved persons. They would have taken provisions for the journey and whatever personal possessions they could take with them.
There is no record of the route they took from Virginia to the Natchez settlement in West Florida. In reading about roads in the colonial period and various migration paths of settlers, I think the most logical route would probably have been taking the Richmond Road to Fort Chiswell in present day Wythe County, Virginia. From there they would have taken the Wilderness Road through the Cumberland Gap and then headed northwest to present-day Louisville, Kentucky. They would have to spend time building a raft or rafts as the rest of the trip would be by river. From present-day Louisville, they would travel down the Ohio River until it met the Mississippi River at present-day Cairo, Illinois and then down the Mississippi to Natchez.[8]
Whether this or another route, the experience would have been similar. The overland portion of the journey was likely 600 or more miles over narrow, muddy paths, difficult steam fords, and camping every night – in all sorts of weather. As they did not likely travel in winter, can you imagine the humidity – and the bugs! And the women did it all while wearing dresses! The men would have hunted along the way for food to supplement whatever they brought with them. Once they passed through the Cumberland Gap they were in Native American territory, which could be a dangerous proposition for travelers. From present-day Louisville to Natchez by river is just under 1,000 miles for a total journey of some 1,600 miles.[9] At 10-15 miles per day, the overland portion probably took 40-60 days depending on weather and road conditions. The river portion is harder to estimate given the impact of tide and current, but the entire journey probably took 3-4 months. I would give just about anything for a diary of that trip!
A Difficult New Beginning for the Widow Truly
While Sarah Truly was undoubtedly hopeful of a bright new beginning, it did not work out that way. The party arrived sometime in 1773 as a later depositions Sarah Truly and her son James Truly would confirm. Unfortunately, just in time for their arrival, the British government in England decided to revoke the authority previously granted to the West Florida government officials for granting lands to settlers reserving that right for themselves. Can you imagine making that extraordinary difficult journey and finding out you were not going to get your land grant? The West Florida Governor and Council decreed that “settlers presently in the province without grants . . . should be allowed to settle on unoccupied lands and be given the right to claim them in case England returns to its earlier policy.” The Truly-Holt-Spain group probably settled on the land reserved for them and hoped for a change in policy.[10]
The policy change came with the outbreak of revolution and on 5 April 1776, Sarah Truly petitioned the British government of West Florida for 500 acres. Her brother Dibdall made his petition on 6 November that same year. Both warrants were renewed on 11 October 1777, but there is no record of the grant being issued. This may have resulted from the 1779 Spanish takeover of the territory.[11] Spain had been secretly aiding the American cause by providing supplies and then in 1779 joined the French in their war against England without recognizing the fledging United States.
Sarah Truly and her extended family settled on Boyd’s Creek [later Cole’s Creek] about 15 or 20 miles above Fort Panmure at Natchez. A square on the map inset below notes “Reserved 20,000 Acres for the Virginians.”[12] This was not just for Sarah’s party, but rather several parties from Virginia. There are later records that refer to “Truly’s fork” and “Holt’s fork” of Cole’s Creek.[13]
In 1782, Sarah Truly gave testimony in a suit that described her first years in West Florida. She recounted that in 1773, the first year they arrived everyone was sick, and they were unable to plant and raise any crops. She stated that she “had to sell a Negro to buy provisions.” She also noted that the following year, her son Bennett had been hired by a neighbor named John Lum to “row his boat up river” for some purpose and his wages were to be paid in corn for the family. Sarah then testified that Bennett stayed gone hunting – for four years! This may have been a fur trapping trip. Sarah’s son James Truly returned to Virginia about 1775 and fought for the American side in the Revolution.[14] Sarah Truly must have been disappointed in her sons – one for his lack of dependability and the other – a Patriot!
The War Comes to The Widow
Sarah’s testimony further revealed that Bennett returned briefly but left to go hunting again that fall (1777) and was later captured by Captain Willing and taken to New Orleans (1778).[15] Captain James Willing was a Natchez merchant that sided with the Americans during the Revolutionary War, went to Pennsylvania to recruit soldiers for a raid on British West Florida, and returned to Natchez for that purpose in 1778 raiding Loyalist plantations. James Truly was also back in Natchez by February 1778. In a 1797 deposition, James Truly noted his 1773 arrival in West Florida. He also recounted James Willing’s raid on Natchez saying Willing’s party arrived about February 1778 and that he helped a group of Willing’s men by piloting a boat of them to one Alexander McIntosh’s house where they made off with a half dozen of McIntosh’s slaves and a number of hogs.[16]
In 1779, the British surrendered West Florida to Spain who controlled the territory for the duration of the war. British Loyalists in West Florida, however, continued to attempt to frustrate Spain. A neighbor of Sarah Truly named Anthony Hutchins was one of the Loyalist leaders of a 1781 revolt against the Spanish authorities in Natchez. Sarah Truly helped the cause by having a small blockhouse [fort] built on her and Bennett’s land for use by Loyalists.[17] The revolt fell apart in May 1781 and – perhaps as a result of her support of the British in their counter offensive against Spain – Sarah was summoned to New Orleans by the Spanish authorities shortly thereafter.
Her trip to New Orleans is known due to depositions given in a lawsuit against Bennett Truly by George Farney [or Forney] for $126 over their gristmill partnership. Farney described Bennett Truly as “late of the district, absconded.” Farney asserted that Bennett had left property with his mother he should be able to recover, which Sarah Truly denied. Her response to the suit was that the agreement to partner in the mill was between Bennett and Farney and that only Bennett could be liable for one-half of the cost.
Sarah’s testimony in the case recounted that “when he [Bennett] returned from up river hunting he had little – a horse, rifle and some livestock. When he was with me I gave him two horses, a saddle, cloth and money sufficient for his pocket. He parted with the horses and as for the cattle there is not one of them in my possession as some he killed, others he sold, and the rest died of distemper. I am willing to certify that there is no property of Bennett Truly in my possession nor, yet do I know of any in the district. No doubt it is thought this mill is his. It is true that he made the bargain for it, as also for many others for me, but it was by and with my permission and my property paid for it.” She added, “It seems that he has promised Farney the stones in this mill, but I can prove by Mr. Crane that I told Bennett when I first heard of it that he should not take or meddle with them under any consideration whatsoever, as Farney is as much bound as Bennett in building the mill they began. The late troubles [Spanish takeover of Natchez] have preventing their executing their plans and many others have met with like disappointments. If I should be ordered to pay Bennett’s obligation, I pray that you will order Mr. Farney to wait with me until the ensuing crop as it will be a great damage to me to be obliged to sell a negro which I am sensible will not bring half his value at this time. Besides I have put the negroes under an overseer who will naturally demand the number he has agreed to.” The authorities directed George Farney to “produce an exact account of his expenditure for the mill and also what he had received on account therof in horses, etc. and “the Widow Truly was to furnish what proof she has within three days.”
Others would also provide testimony in the case. William Black testified that he “gave flour several times to George Farney for use of the other mill which they were then building, being ordered by Bennett Truly to let the said Farney have any quantity of meal he might need.” Black further offered that “he also had meat from Truly’s mother and once sent a hireling for meat, on which Mrs. Truly cursed Farney and the mill saying that they had too much from her already while she was in New Orleans and that she would give nothing more.”
James Fleet testified that “Mistress Truly and I came together from New Orleans last year. On the way up she frequently encouraged the hands to row briskly, saying that we should have plenty of meat when we reached home, but when she reached home there were only two pieces left. She scolded much and inquired what had become of the meat to which the girls [her daughters] answered that their brothers had given meat to Mr. Farney and killed fresh meat also. Also, I gave him [Farney] bear meat and he came for meat from Mrs. Truly.”
Two of Sarah Truly’s daughters and one of her granddaughters also provided testimony. Eldest daughter Eleanor Spain said, “All I know is that Bennett killed a hog when my mother was in New Orleans as I had need of part of it. I applied to Bennett for the same but was told he gave it to Farney for use at the mill. As to Bennett Truly, he has no property in the district to my knowledge. I have heard my mother say she has no concern with Bennett and Farney in their mill, but on the contrary did not approve of their connection.” Granddaughter Tabitha Spain offered, “I know that Bennett Truly often gave meat and meal to George Farney belonging to my grandmother for use at the mill they were building. I have often heard my grandmother scold Bennett Truly on account of the mill and on account of a horse given to a certain Samuel Benjamin, for work done at the mill.” Finally, daughter Patsy Truly stated, “When my mother was in New Orleans my brother killed hogs several times for George Farney’s use at the mill. I am certain my brother has no property in the district except a horse that was in possession of Thomas Rule.”[18]
In the end, the Spanish authorities sided with Farney saying that, “The witnesses having been heard, we do hereby condemn the Widow Truly, being in possession of property of Bennett Truly, to pay George Farney $126, being money lent and hands wages.”[19]
British Loyalists Under A Spanish Flag
Terms of peace ending the American Revolution gave the Florida territory including West Florida to Spain. British loyalist Sarah Truly now found herself living under a Spanish flag. On a positive note, Sarah Truly finally got a land grant from the Spanish government for 161 acres.[20] Although I can find no record of a grant or purchase, Sarah owned another 600 acres, which she sold in 1788.[21]
In 1782, a man named Benjamin Balk sued Richard Harrison [Sarah’s son-in-law] over a debt of $36 owed to him by James Robertson, who named Harrison his heir. Robertson penned a note to Balk: “Sir, I request a favor of you as I do not return back by way of Natchez to settle some little personal business for me, in particular with Mrs. Sarah Truly who has some property of mine in her hands which is two cows and some increase which she refuses to give up. I applied to the Commandant for a summons which was granted but I never could get her to trial before I left. I therefore beg of you to request the Commandant to have her before him. If she denies the cows are mine ask her if she did not receive them from my brother knowing they were mine. I do declare I have not given or disposed of them in any way.” Sarah was eventually ordered to return the cows to Mr. Robertson.[22]
The same year Sarah was sued by Thomas Rule who petitioned the Court that “he had a contract with Bennett Truly for a horse in the manner following: he gave the said Truly a silver watch valued at $30, a rifle valued at $62, and he engaged to dig a well on that part of the plantation of said Truly.” Rule called on Bennett Truly to provide the hands [enslaved persons] that he was supposed to do. Bennet was in the middle of harvest season and said he’d like to wait until the following Fall. This well was supposed to be in the blockhouse that Sarah Truly had built, but the Loyalist Revolt against the Spanish came, and they ended up digging a well themselves for fear of a siege. For Sarah’s part, her petition said that she “demanded $60 from Thomas Rule due from him to her son Bennett Truly for a well, which the said Rule had contracted to dig.” In a curious decision, the Court ruled that Rule had been paid for a well and should dig one on Bennett Truly’s land.[23]
The following year, on 13 March 1783, Sarah Truly sued her own daughter Judith (Truly) Holstein representing that she owed her $9. Sarah asked the Court to award her the $9 and her costs to bring the suit. Sarah’s own words provide context: “Paid Foster for your [Judith’s] third part of rum and tafia [a type of rum] on the voyage; paid Vousdan for your part of beef, 10 pounds; paid Vousdan for your part of the boat $10, paid Vousdan for your half for the negro hire $3; I don’t think I have any right to the negro hire as I had a hand of my own on board; credit: by a hog I let William West have $7. Balance $9.” The outcome of the suit is not recorded.[24]
Also in 1783, Zaccheus Routh sued Sarah Truly saying he “left in the hands of Sarah Truly a looking glass [mirror] and nine pictures and on his return she refused to return them and asks that she be ordered to do so.” Sarah was ordered to return the items with in three days or appear at Court, which she presumably did as the suit ended there.[25] James Willing also sued Sarah Truly in 1783 for $313. The record doesn’t say why she owed the money, but she was ordered by the Court to pay it.[26]
In 1784, Sarah sued Sterling Spell who she claimed owed her $70 and asks that he be ordered to pay that plus her costs to bring the suit. Arbitrators were appointed who determined Spell owed her $14.[27] That same year she sold her 161 acres to James Moore.[28] In 1788, she would sell 600 acres on Cole’s Creek to her son-in-law Richard Harrison for $1,200.[29]
On 15 March 1792, Sarah Truly made her will:
Will of Sarah Truly, District of Natchez, Province of Louisiana, infirm and weak. Be it known, previous to devising what property I have, Hector Truly, my late husband, made his will in Virginia in America, and soon after died, leaving me executrix and certain property to be equally divided between his children; of which property sundry Negroes made a part sufficient for each child to have one. Agreeable to the will of said Hector Truly, I delivered to all the children aforesaid, each a Negro, except to my youngest child Bennett Truly, who had not had at that time or since a Negro delivered to him agreeable to the will of his father, Hector, or anything in lieu therefor, and now being desirous to do equal justice to said Bennett Truly as has already been done to all the other children of the aforesaid Hector Truly my late husband, it is my will and desire that my executors deliver to the said Bennett Truly, my son, immediately after my death a Negro wench Annico with her two small children, Sarah and Lucy with all other children that may hereafter be born to her. I give to my beloved son Bennett Truly before named, one large looking glass. To my daughter Eleanor Spain my feather bed and furniture after Mr. Dibdall Holt breaks up housekeeping, also my wearing apparel to be divided between her, the said Eleanor and my granddaughter Sarah Spain. To my beloved daughter, Martha Harrison one pair of scissors and a thimble the value of $2. All residue of my estate to be divided after my funeral expenses and just debts are paid, to be equally divided between my three children James Truly, Bennett Truly and Eleanor Spain. I appoint Parker Carradine, James Truly, Bennett Truly and Francis Spain my executors.
Sarah was dead by 7 May 1793, when a controversy over her will arose:
“Whereas a controversy has arisen between the heirs of the late Sarah Truly concerning the division of her estate, it is mutually agreed between the parties who are James Truly, Bennett Truly, Eleanor Spain and Martha Harrison that the whole of the estate be divided as ordered by the will dated 15 March 1792 with the exception only that two cows and calves shall be the property of Eleanor Spain and the remainder of the horn cattle shall be and remain the property of the aforesaid Martha Harrison.”
Signed before Gayoso by James Truly, Bennett Truly, Francis Spain and Richard Harrison. 7 May 1793.
Thoughts About Sarah Truly
I have to admit Sarah (Holt) Truly is one of my favorite ancestors. What a rich tapestry of material providing insight into a female ancestor, which is not particularly common in my experience. Had Sarah (Holt) Truly remarried after her husband died in 1761, she may very well have faded into obscurity. She must have had quite the force of personality. If I were to describe her I would say she was feisty, outspoken, fearless and had an adventurous spirit.
Sarah was in and out of court consistently for more than 30 years – mostly over debts she was owed or that she owed. Records specifically note that she “cursed” and “scolded” and “slandered.” She also may have had a penchant for holding onto property that was not hers – a mirror and nine pictures in one instance and cows and calves in another. She was apparently not above committing a little fraud by using land that did not belong to her as collateral. She owned, bought and sold slaves throughout her adult life.
She endured a 1,600 mile journey from Virginia to Natchez, traveled by rowboat down the Mississippi some 520 miles from Natchez to New Orleans and back and was directly and actively involved in a revolt against the Spanish authorities in West Florida. As a British Loyalist she must have been unhappy with her son James Truly’s choice to support the American cause. Sarah’s daughters – first daughter Sarah and after her death daughter Patsy – married Richard Harrison who was also an American Patriot that came to Natchez with James Willing. Sarah seems to have had a soft spot for her son Bennett Truly who just must have worn out her patience with his various shenanigans over the years. Whatever else she was, Sarah Truly was the matriarch of her extended family until her death at about age 69.
She led a truly remarkable life.
For Further Reading
If you learned something new about the American Revolution by reading this post and you want to learn more, I recommend the following books that focus on less well-known aspects of the war including offering considerable insight into the extraordinarily complex world of Native American lives and relations with the European powers and the United States.
Fourteenth Colony, the Forgotten Story of the Gulf South During America’s Revolutionary Era by Mike Bunn (Montgomery: New South Books, 2020)
Independence Lost: Lives on the Edge of the American Revolution by Kathleen DuVal (New York: Random House, 2015)
West of the Revolution: An Uncommon History of 1776 by Claudio Saunt (New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 2014)
The Indian World of George Washington: The First President, the First Americans, and the Birth of the Nation by Colin G. Calloway (Oxford University Press, 2018)
[1] Lionel Pincus and Princess Firyal Map Division, The New York Public Library. “The British governments in Nth. America: laid down agreeable to the proclamation of Octr. 7, 1763” The New York Public Library Digital Collections. 1763. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47da-f148-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99
[3] Bunn, Mike. Fourteenth Colony: The Forgotten Story of the Gulf South During America’s Revolutionary Era, (Montgomery, AL: New South Books, 2020), p. 83
[4] Haynes, Robert V. The Natchez District and the American Revolution (Jackson, MS: University Press of Mississippi, 1796), p. 13
[5] Virginia Gazette, 5 September 1771, p. 3. Note the use of “country” which referred to one’s Colony back then rather than the Colonies generally. I see this in regular use in the South well after the United States was founded – all the way to the Civil War. Is this mindset the origin of the “states’ rights” arguments that persist in the United States to this day?
[6] The various references I have found report that David Holt was Dibdall Holt’s brother. Dibdall and Sarah’s brother David Holt and his family resided in Chesterfield County, and he died there about 1787 (w.d. 9 October 1786). I am fairly confident Dibdall’s son David is the one who moved to Natchez and presumably made the 1771 trip.
[7] Sarah’s son John Truly (c.1750-1804) is one of my 5x great grandfathers. He chose to remain in Amelia County, Virginia rather than accompany his mother and siblings to West Florida. In 1768, he became an apprentice blacksmith to serve John Hatchett for a term of one year and 10 months. He lived with Hatchett during the term, which expired in May 1770. Soon after his apprenticeship ended John Truly married Jane Hatchett – younger sister of his master. By 1773 when Sarah Truly left for West Florida, John and Jane (Hatchett) Truly had at least one child – a daughter they named Sarah Truly. John and Jane would go on to have four children. Sarah Truly, the younger, would later marry Robert Vaughan. This is my ancestral line and will be the subject of future posts about the Truly and Vaughan families.
[8] https://lineages.com/colonial-immigration/colonial-routes-to-kentucky-and-tennessee/
[9] https://databasin.org/maps/new/#datasets=fbbb977c9c0d416ab2da702f433f7661
[10] Haynes, Robert V. The Natchez District and the American Revolution (Jackson, MS: University Press of Mississippi, 1796), p. 16-17
[11] McBee, May Wilson. The Natchez Court Records 1767-1805, (Greenville, SC: Southern Historical Press. Inc.), p. 601-602
[12] Wilton, William. Part of the river Mississippi from Manchac up to the river Yazous for Governor Chester, 1774; Inventory of Historic Maps of Mississippi, https://da.mdah.ms.gov/mapindex/index.php?view=432&keyword=wilkinson
[13] McBee, May Wilson. The Natchez Court Records 1767-1805, (Greenville, SC: Southern Historical Press. Inc.), p. 387
[14] Gwathmey, John H. Historical register of Virginians in the Revolution 1775-1783, Volume II, (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2010), p. 783
[15] McBee, May Wilson. The Natchez Court Records 1767-1805, (Greenville, SC: Southern Historical Press. Inc.), p. 238
[16] The Journal of Andrew Ellicott, late commissioner on behalf of the United States during part of the year 1796, the years 1797, 1798, 1799, and part of the year 1800: for determining the boundary between the United States and the possessions of His Catholic Majesty in America, (Philadelphia: William Fry, 1814), pp. 130-131
[17] McBee, May Wilson. The Natchez Court Records 1767-1805, (Greenville, SC: Southern Historical Press. Inc.), p. 297
[18] Ibid, p. 238-239
[19] Ibid, p. 294
[20] Ibid, p. 488
[21] Ibid, p. 50
[22] Ibid, p. 240
[23] Ibid, p. 297
[24] Ibid, p. 304
[25] Ibid, p. 308
[26] Ibid, p. 310
[27] Ibid, p. 317
[28] Ibid, p. 488
[29] Ibid, p. 50
- Amelia County Connections
